Grammar - Gerund and Infinitive - Second Year Baccalaureate
2nd Year Baccalaureate
Unit 1
Grammar
Lesson 3: Gerund and Infinitive
شاهد فيديو الشرح للدرس
✷ في اللغة الإنجليزية ، إذا كنت تريد اتباع فعل بفعل آخر ، فيجب عليك استخدام صيغة gerund أو صيغة infinitive.
✷ هناك ثلاثة صيغ (forms) للأفعال في اللغة الإنجليزية وهي:
1. صيغة (gerund) هي (verb+ing) مثل: (working)
2. صيغة (infinitive) هي (to+verb) مثل: (to work)
3. صيغة (infinitive without to) هي الفعل بدون (to) مثل: (work)
✷ لتفهم متى تستعمل كل صيغة من هذه الصيغ ما عليك سوى أن تحفظ الكلمات التي تسبق كل صيغة على حدة.
👈 مثال: (I must read) كتبنا (read) لأن قبلها يوجد (must)
👈 مثال: (I want to read) كتبنا (to read) لأن قبلها يوجد فعل (want)
👈 مثال: (I enjoy reading) كتبنا (reading) لأن قبلها يوجد فعل (enjoy)
إذن أفعال مثل (enjoy أو love) دائما يتبعها (verb+ing).
و أفعال مثل (wantٍ أو decide) دائما يتبعها (to+verb).
و أفعال مثل (let's أو must) دائما يتبعها (verb) فقط.
📖 I must read.
📖 I want to read.
📖 I enjoy reading.
أمثلة [Examples]
🔹 I enjoy watching movies.
🔸 I dislike working late.
🔹 I want to eat pizza.
🔸 I decide to travel in the morning.
🔹 I can go outside.
🔸 Let's do the homework.
🔹 I want to eat pizza.
🔸 I decide to travel in the morning.
🔹 I can go outside.
🔸 Let's do the homework.
✷ إذن كما قلنا سابقا، لتفهم متى تستعمل كل صيغة من هذه الصيغ ما عليك سوى أن تحفظ العبارات التي تسبق كل صيغة على حدة، تجدون لائحة هذه العبارات أسفله.
العبارات الشائعة المتبوعة بصيغة Gerund
Example: Amina enjoys playing tennis.
- Verbs: abhor – acknowledge – admit – advise – allow – anticipate – appreciate – avoid – be worth – can’t help – celebrate – confess – consider – defend – delay – deny – detest – discontinue – discuss – dislike – dispute – dread – endure – enjoy – escape – evade – explain – fancy – fear – feel like – feign – finish – forgive – give up (stop) – imagine – keep (continue) – keep on – mention – mind (object to) – miss – necessitate – omit – permit – picture – postpone – practice – prevent – put off – recall – recollect – recommend – report – resent – resist – resume – risk – shirk – shun – suggest – support – tolerate – understand – urge – warrant
- Prepositions: before, in, on, at, of, for, with, without, after, by, about …
- Expressions: can’t stand - can’t resist - look forward to - be busy - be used to - get used to - feel like - can’t help …
العبارات الشائعة المتبوعة بصيغة Infinitive (to + verb)
- Verbs: agree – appear – arrange – ask – attempt – beg – can/can’t afford – can/can’t wait – care – chance – choose – claim – come – consent – dare – decide – demand – deserve – determine – elect – endeavor – expect – fail – get – grow (up) – guarantee – hesitate – help – hope – incline – learn – manage – mean – need – neglect – offer – pay – plan – prepare – pretend – profess – promise – prove – refuse – remain – request – resolve – say – seek – seem – shudder – strive – struggle – swear – tend – threaten – turn out – venture – volunteer – wait – want – wish – would like – yearn
- Adjectives: easy, difficult, …
- Expressions: would like - would love …
الأفعال الشائعة المتبوعة بصيغة Infinitive (verb without to)
- Verbs: help – let
- Modals: can, could, had better, may, might, must, needn't, ought to, shall, should, will, would, …
الأفعال التي يتبعها gerund أو infinitive بدون تغيير في المعنى
- Verbs: begin – can’t bear – can’t stand – continue – hate – like – love – prefer – propose – start
الأفعال التي يتبعها gerund أو infinitive مع تغيير في المعنى
Example: I forgot to close the door. (I didn’t
close the door because I forgot to do it.)
Example: I forgot closing the door. (I don’t remember whether I closed the door or not.)
🔹 Go on:
Example: She went on to prepare dinner. (She ended doing something before preparing dinner.)
Example: She went on preparing dinner. (She continued preparing dinner.)
🔸 Quit:
Example: He quit to work here. (He quit another job in order to work here.)
Example: He quit working here.(He quit his job here. He doesn’t work here anymore.)
🔹 Regret:
Example: I regret telling lies to you. (I’m sorry that I told you lies.)
Example: I regret to tell you that we can't help you. (I’m telling you now, and I’m sorry.)
🔸 Remember:
Example: She remembered to visit her grandparents. (She didn’t forget to visit.)
Example: She remembered visiting her grandparents. (She had memories of this time.)
🔹 Stop:
Example: I stopped to talk to you. (I interrupted another action in order to talk to you.)
Example: I stopped talking to you. (I don't talk to you anymore. Maybe we had a fight.)
🔸 Try:
Example: I tried to open the door. (I attempted this action but didn’t succeed.)
Example: I tried opening the door. (This was one option I sampled. Maybe the room was hot.)
Test your understanding of this English lesson
Test your understanding of "Gerund and Infinitive" lesson by answering these questions. You will get your score at the end of the quiz.
إختبر فهمك للدرس من خلال الإجابة على هذه الأسئلة. سوف تحصل على درجاتك في نهاية الإختبار. ا
